A system is a dynamic whole, i.e. an entity that is subject to change. Systems consist of parts that are linked in such a way that they influence each other’s behaviour. The behaviour of a system is determined by the interactions of its parts, but the behaviour of the system cannot be derived from the behaviour of the individual parts. Vice-versa one can only understand the behaviour of individual parts against the background of the behaviour of the system as complete entity. Systems theory and Cybernetics, which is linked to it, are the scientific foundations of system oriented management.